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Plain-language guides for general education. They are not medical advice.
Treatments and services
IV therapy
- What is an iron infusion, and what does the evidence show?
What an iron infusion is, what studies found for anemia, heart failure and pregnancy, the label warnings for each…
- What is IV glutathione therapy, and what does the evidence show?
What glutathione IV therapy is, what studies found for the uses clinics promote, the reported side effects and risks…
- What is IV vitamin C therapy, and what does the evidence show?
What vitamin C IV therapy is, what studies found in healthy people and in hospital patients, the reported risks, and…
Injectable nutrients
- What are lipotropic (MIC) injections, and what does the evidence show?
What lipotropic (MIC) injections are, what our searches found on studies in people, what trials of single ingredients…
- What are vitamin B12 injections, and who are they for?
What B12 injections are for, how they compare with tablets, what the research says about energy and weight, and the…
NAD+ therapy
- NAD+ IV therapy
What NAD+ IV therapy is, what human studies have and have not shown, the side effects reported in small studies, and…
Hormone health
- What is menopausal hormone therapy, and who is it for?
What menopausal hormone therapy is, what trials found for hot flashes and bone loss, the main risks, and which products…
- What is testosterone replacement therapy (TRT), and who is it for?
What testosterone replacement therapy is, how low testosterone is confirmed, what trials found, label warnings, and…
- What is thyroid hormone therapy?
What thyroid hormone therapy is, how levothyroxine and liothyronine differ, what trials found, the label warnings, and…
Medical weight management
- Semaglutide for weight loss
Semaglutide for weight loss: what the trials found, common side effects, weight regain after stopping, and FDA status…
- What is tirzepatide for weight loss?
Tirzepatide for weight loss: what the trials found, how much weight people lost on average, the label warnings and FDA…
Regenerative medicine
- What is stem cell therapy?
What stem cell therapy is, what controlled trials found for knee arthritis, back pain and heart failure, reported…
Recovery & performance
- What is hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT), and what is it used for?
Are hyperbaric chambers FDA-cleared, and for what?
- What is red light therapy, and what does the evidence support?
A guide to red and near-infrared light devices, what the evidence supports, side effects, and who should avoid it.
Other treatments
- GHK-Cu copper peptide: what the research shows
What GHK-Cu is, what studies of copper peptide on skin and wounds reported, why injected use is a separate question…
- What are exosomes, and what is exosome therapy?
What exosomes are, what studies found for hair, skin, knee arthritis and aging, the reported risks, and what FDA has…
- What is a Myers' cocktail, and what does the evidence show?
The typical ingredients of a Myers' cocktail, which vary by provider, what trials found, the side effects, and the FDA…
- What is CJC-1295, and what does the research show?
What CJC-1295 is, how its two forms differ, what small studies in healthy adults measured, what is known about its…
- What is enclomiphene, and what does the research show?
What enclomiphene is, what trials in men with low testosterone measured, what is known about its risks, and its FDA…
- What is ipamorelin, and what does the research show?
What ipamorelin is, what studies in people have tested, what is known about its risks, and its FDA status.
- What is sermorelin therapy, and what does the research show?
What sermorelin is, what studies in healthy older adults measured, the side effects that have been reported, and its…
- What is tesamorelin, and what does the research show?
What tesamorelin is, what trials in adults with HIV and in other groups measured, what is known about its risks, and…
- What is the BPC-157 peptide, and what does the research show?
What the BPC-157 peptide is, what studies in people have tested, what is known about its risks, and its FDA status.
- What is whole-body cryotherapy, and what does the research show?
Whole-body cryotherapy: what trials show for recovery and pain, what our searches found on aging and weight loss, and…
Testing & diagnostics
- Biological age test
A biological age test estimates age from a lab measurement such as DNA methylation.
- Calcium score test
A calcium score test is a CT scan that measures calcium in the heart's arteries.
- CGM without diabetes
A CGM is a small sensor that measures glucose in the fluid around cells.
- DEXA Scan (DXA): Bone Density and Body Composition Testing
A DEXA (DXA) scan is a low-dose X-ray test that measures bone density or body composition.
- Full body MRI
Full body MRI in people without symptoms: how often scans lead to a cancer diagnosis or follow-up tests, and what…
Comparisons
- GLP-1 medication vs bariatric surgery: what studies found
GLP-1 medication vs bariatric surgery: what observational studies found on weight, blood sugar, death and heart events…
- Semaglutide vs tirzepatide: what is the difference?
Semaglutide vs tirzepatide: what the head-to-head studies found, how side effects compared, and each product's FDA…
- What is the difference between testosterone injections and testosterone gel?
TRT injection vs gel: dosing described on two labels, blood levels between doses, what the hematocrit evidence shows…